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Advance Angular Interview Questions

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What is metadata?

Using metadata is how we tell Angular how to process a class. When we use a component, it acts as a class unless we tell Angular that it’s a component, and we do this with the help of metadata. Metadata is attached in TypeScript using a decorator. Decorators are functions that know the configuration of classes and how they are supposed to work.

How is Dependency Hierarchy formed?

The dependency injection system of Angular is hierarchical. It consists of a tree of injectors that stands parallel to the application’s component tree. The Dependency Hierarchy is formed with the configurations. The reconfiguration of the injectors can be done at any given level of the component tree. The providers for different injectors can also be configured in the injector hierarchy.

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6 Explain the MVVM architecture.

The MVVM architecture plays a significant role in eliminating tight coupling between the components. This architecture includes the following three parts:

  • Model: The model represents the business logic and data of a particular application. In other words, it consists of an entity structure. The model has the business logic, including model classes, remote and local data sources, and the repository.
  • View: View is the application’s visual layer that comprises the UI code. The view sends the action of the user to the ViewModel. However, it does not receive the response directly. The view must subscribe to the observables that are exposed to it by the ViewModel to receive a response.
  • ViewModel: ViewModel is the application’s abstract layer that connects the View and the Model and acts as a bridge between the two. It does not know which View needs to be made use of since it does not have any direct access to the View. The two are connected using data binding, and the ViewModel records all the changes that are made to the View and makes the necessary changes to the Model.

    • 5 What are lifecycle hooks in Angular?

    When building an Angular app, there will be times when we need to execute some code at some specific event—such as when a component is initialized or displayed on the screen or when the component is being removed from the screen. This is what lifecycle hooks are used for. For example, if we have some event listener attached to an HTML element in a component, such as a button click or form submission, we can remove that event listener before removing the component from the screen, just like we can fetch some data and display it on the screen in a component after the component is loaded on the screen. To use a lifecycle hook, we can override some methods on a component, such as ngOnInit or ngAfterViewInit. These methods, if available on a component, will be called by Angular automatically. This is why these are called lifecycle hooks.

    8 Explain different kinds of Angular directives.

    There are three kinds of directives in Angular. Let’s discuss them:

  • Components: A component is simply a directive with a template. It is used to define a single piece of the user interface using TypeScript code, CSS styles, and the HTML template. When we define a component, we use the component decorated with the @ symbol and pass in an object with a selector attribute. The selector attribute gives the Angular compiler the HTML tag that the component is associated with so that, now, when it encounters this tag in HTML, it knows to replace it with the component template.
  • Structural: Structural directives are used to change the structure of a view. For example, if we wish to show or hide some data based on some property, we can do so by using the ngIf directive, or if we wish to add a list of data in the markup, we can use *ngFor, and so on. These directives are called structural directives because they change the structure of the template.
  • Attribute: Attribute directives change the appearance or behavior of an element, component, or another directive. They are used as the attributes of elements. Directives such as ngClass and ngStyle are attribute directives.

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